Employee Rights The Federal laws prohibiting job discrimination are: Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 (Title VII), which prohibits employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin; the Equal Pay Act of 1963 (EPA), which protects men and women who perform substantially equal work in the same establishment from sex-based wage discrimination; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967 (ADEA), which protects individuals who are 40 years of age or older; Title I and Title V of the Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 (ADA), which prohibit employment discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities in the private sector, and in state and local governments; Sections 501 and 505 of the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, which prohibit discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities who work in the federal government; and the Civil Rights Act of 1991, which, among other things, provides monetary damages in cases of intentional employment discrimination. The U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) enforces all of these laws. EEOC also provides oversight and coordination of all federal equal employment opportunity regulations, practices, and policies. Other federal laws, not enforced by EEOC, also prohibit discrimination and reprisal against federal employees and applicants. The Civil Service Reform Act of 1978 (CSRA) contains a number of prohibitions, known as prohibited personnel practices, which are designed to promote overall fairness in federal personnel actions. 5 U.S.C. 2302. The CSRA prohibits any employee who has authority to take certain personnel actions from discriminating for or against employees or applicants for employment on the bases of race, color, national origin, religion, sex, age or disability. It also provides that certain personnel actions can not be based on attributes or conduct that do not adversely affect employee performance, such as marital status and political affiliation. The Office of Personnel Management (OPM) has interpreted the prohibition of discrimination based on conduct to include discrimination based on sexual orientation. The CSRA also prohibits reprisal against federal employees or applicants for whistle-blowing, or for exercising an appeal, complaint, or grievance right. The CSRA is enforced by both the Office of Special Counsel (OSC) and the Merit Systems Protection Board (MSPB). What You Should Know Sexual Harassment Wrongful Termination Whistle Blower Laws About Equal Employment Opportunity (EEO) Federal EEO Laws Discriminatory Practices § Harassment or Sexual Harassment § Retaliation Employers And Other Entities Covered By EEO Laws Discrimination by Type: Facts and Guidance Age Disability Equal Pay National Origin Pregnancy Race Religion Retaliation Sex Sexual Harassment Filing a Charge of Discrimination How to File a Charge Contact Your Local Field Office EEOC's Charge Processing Procedures Mediation Employers & EEOC Small Businesses Mediation EEOC Investigations Surveys: EEO-1, EEO-3, EEO-4, EEO-5 Federal Agencies and Employees Federal EEO Coordination Information for Federal Employees and Applicants Management Directive 715 Form 462 Data Collection Resources Information for Agencies Federal Sector Alternative Dispute Resolution Federal Sector Training Federal Sector Appellate Decisions (Including The Digest of EEO Law) Reference and Research About the EEOC How to Contact Us The Commission Commission Meetings Initiatives: § E-RACE § Freedom to Compete § LEAD § New Freedom § Youth@Work Annual Reports Strategic Planning and Budget Commission Task Force Reports Office of the Inspector General EEOC History FOIA/Privacy Act Jobs and Internships at EEOC EEOC Fellows Program Doing Business with EEOC Safeguarding Personally Identifiable Information Laws, Regulations and Guidance Laws Enforced by EEOC EEOC Regulations Compliance Manual Enforcement Guidances and Related Documents Memoranda of Understanding Title VII 40th Anniversary Celebration Statistics Enforcement Statistics Employment Statistics Special Reports Census 2000 Special EEO File Equal Employment Opportunity Data Posted Pursuant to the No Fear Act Litigation Statistics Litigation Settlement Monthly Reports Regional Attorneys' Manual Office of General Counsel Annual Reports Commission Appellate and Amicus Briefs Training and Outreach EXCEL Conference - August 18-21, 2008 Outreach and Education Training Institute Federal Sector Training New Freedom Initiative Seminars HOME
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